BONE SARCOMAS ARE a group of several different cancerous tumors of the bone. The most common bone sarcomas diagnosed in children and adolescents are osteosarcoma and Ewing sarcoma.

This chapter first explains the structure and function of the skeletal system. It then describes osteosarcoma and the four diagnoses known as the Ewing sarcoma family of tumors (ESFT)—Ewing sarcoma of the bone, extraosseous Ewing sarcoma, Askin’s tumor, and peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PPNET). The sections on each type of bone sarcoma include information about signs and symptoms, how it is diagnosed, and how it is treated.